DIGEST OF DECISIONS OF THE IOWA CIVIL RIGHTS COMMISSION: JANUARY 1, 1995 TO DECEMBER 31, 1996

 

AREA OF JURISDICTION

 

Employment

Sandra Whaley

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees).

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Public Accommodation

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees)

Allen C. Davis


BASIS OF COMPLAINT


Aiding and Abetting (includes retaliation)

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees)

Debra S. Hoffman

National Origin

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees).

Race

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees)

Allen C. Davis

Edward D. Tillman


Sex

Sandra Whaley

Debra S. Hoffman


Disability

Katherine S. Martin


INCIDENTS OF ALLEGED DISCRIMINATION AND RETALIATION


Discharge

Debra S. Hoffman
Edward D. Tillman

 

Failure to Consider/Hire/Promote

Sandra Whaley

 

Failure to Rent Public Hall

Allen C. Davis

 

Termination of Employment

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Unequal Rent of Public Hall

Allen C. Davis

 

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW


Agency Decisions as Authority

Edward D. Tillman

 

Complaint

Edward D. Tillman

 

Conclusions of Law - Purpose

Edward D. Tillman

 

Failure to Appear

Edward D. Tillman

 

Implied Power of Agency

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Legal and Factual Issues - When Required to Decide

Edward D. Tillman

 

Notice of Hearing

Edward D. Tillman

 

Notice of Issues

Edward D. Tillman

 

Official Notice

Sandra Whaley

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees).

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman


Waiver of Objection.

Edward D. Tillman

 

DEFENSES (BOTH VALID AND INVALID)

Affirmative Defenses

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Edward D. Tillman

 

Conciliation Process

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Laches

Sandra Whaley

Edward D. Tillman

 

Legitimate Factors in a Mixed Motives Case

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin


Legitimate Non-Discriminatory Reasons

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Not Similarily Situated

Edward D. Tillman

 

Physical Response to Discrimination Not Justified

Edward D. Tillman

 

Policies Against Harassment

Edward D. Tillman

 

Qualifications

Sandra Whaley

 

"Same Decision" Defense

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Statute of Limitations

Sandra Whaley

Edward D. Tillman

 

Unreasonable Delay

Sandra Whaley

Edward D. Tillman

 

Waiver of Claim or Defense

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Edward D. Tillman

 

DEFINITIONS

Agency

Allen C. Davis

 

Burden of Persuasion

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Burden of Production

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Cancer

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Categorical Organic Disorder of the Body

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Direct Evidence

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

 

Disability

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Disorder of the Body

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Hostile Environment Harassment Theory

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Impairment

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Interest (With Respect to Damages)

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Judicial Admission

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Judicial Notice

Sandra Whaley

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees)

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Lodestar. (Attorney's Fees)

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees).

 

Material Evidence


Kathrine S. Martin

 

Official Notice

Sandra Whaley

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees).

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Organic Disorder of the Body

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Perceived Disability

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Person

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Physical Impairment

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Prima Facie Case

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Quid Pro Quo Sexual Harassment Theory

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Reasonable Attorney's Fee

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees).

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Reasonable Person of the Victim's Sex Standard.
(Also Known as the "Reasonable Victim" or "Reasonable Woman" Standard).

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Relevant Evidence

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Stipulation

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Edward D. Tillman

 

Subject Matter Jurisdiction

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Substantial Handicap

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Unwelcome Sexual/Racial Harassment

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

EVIDENCE AND PROOF

 

Admissions on Brief

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Admission In Pleadings

Allen C. Davis

Edward D. Tillman

 

Burden of Persuasion

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Burden of Production

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Circumstantial Evidence

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

 

Credibility of Witnesses

Sandra Whaley

Katherine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Direct Evidence

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

 

Incompetent Evidence

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Judicial Admission

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Judicial Notice

Sandra Whaley

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees).

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Material Evidence

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Official Notice

Sandra Whaley

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees).

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Order and Allocation of Proof: Disparate Treatment: and Retaliation Circumstantial Evidence "Pretext" Cases

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Order and Allocation of Proof: Disparate Treatment: Direct Evidence Cases

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

 

Order and Allocation of Proof: Disparate Treatment: Mixed Motives

Sandra Whaley

 

Order and Allocation of Proof: Hostile Work Environment and Harassment Cases

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Preponderance of the Evidence

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Presumption of Regular Performance of Officiall Actions By Agency

Edward D. Tillman

 

Presumption That Persons Perform Legal Duties Faithfully and With Due Diligence

Edward D. Tillman

 

Pretext

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Prima Facie Case

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof Harassment Is Based On Race

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof Harassment Is Based On Sex

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Proof of Actual Authority

Allen C. Davis

 

Proof of Agency

Allen C. Davis

 

Proof of Apparent Authority

Allen C. Davis

 

Proof of Attorney Fees

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees)

 

Proof of Back Pay

Sandra Whaley

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Proof of Causal Connection in Retaliation Cases

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Proof of Disparate Treatment

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof of Employer Liability for Harassment By Coworkers

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof of Emotional Distress

Sandra Whaley

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Proof of Failure to Consider\Hire\Promote

Sandra Whaley

 

Proof of Failure to Remedy Harassment

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof of Individual Liability for Harassment

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof of Knowledge of Harassment

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof of Legitimate Non-Discriminatory Reasons

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof of Perceived Disability

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Proof of Pretext

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Proof of Retaliation

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Proof of Use of Subjective Criteria

Sandra Whaley

 

Proof of Violation of Affirmative Action Plan

Sandra Whaley

 

Relevancy

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Stipulation

Sandra Whaley

Edward D. Tillman

 

PROCEDURE AND JURISDICTION

 

Attorney's Fees Procedure

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees)

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Conciliation

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Continuing Violation

 

Due Process

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Hearing Procedures

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Nunc Pro Tunc Order

Sandra Whaley

 

Role of Complainant and Commission Attorney's at Hearing

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Subject Matter Jurisdiction

Kathrine S. Martin

Allen C. Davis

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

REMEDIES

Actual Damages

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Edward D. Tillman

 

Attorneys Fees

Connie Zesch-Luense (Attorney's Fees)

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Back Pay

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Cease and Desist Order

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Costs

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Deferred Compensation

Sandra Whaley

 

Education Reimbursement Program

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Education and Training on Harassment

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Emotional Distress Damages

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Front Pay

Sandra Whaley

 

Grievance Procedure To Prevent Harassment

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Interest

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Interim Earnings

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Medical Insurance

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Posting of Notices

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Reinstatement

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Reporting Requirements

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Retirement Plan

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Review of Educational Materials By Management

Sandra Whaley

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Seniority

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Written Policies

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

Debra S. Hoffman

 

STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE RULES.

 

Directory vs. Mandatory Statutes

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Rules of Construction

Kathrine S. Martin

 

THEORIES OF DISCRIMINATION

 

Disparate Treatment

Sandra Whaley

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Failure to Accommodate

Kathrine S. Martin

 

Hostile Working Environment - Racial/Sexual/Retaliatory
Harassment Theory

Debra S. Hoffman

Edward D. Tillman

 

Quid Pro Quo Sexual Harassment Theory

Debra S. Hoffman

 

Main